Limonite

Limonite is a geological field or classroom name given to a range of iron oxide minerals which cannot be identified without complex laboratory analysis.

It is typically a yellow/brown colour with a dull or earthy lustre.

Limonite was historically used as a pigment in paint and ceramics due to its distinctive colour.

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Information about Limonite

Appearance

Limonite is a little tricky to describe, because it isn’t actually a valid mineral. It is used as a geological field or classroom tool for a range of iron oxide minerals which cannot be identified without complex laboratory analysis.


Uses and History

Limonite has been used as a pigment since neolithic times, and is probably one of the most used yellow-brown ‘ochre’ pigments throughout human history.

Obviously, Limonite has also been used as an iron ore in areas with limited access to deposits of hematite or magnetite; It is typically no longer used as iron ore as the deposits are small and impure compared to those of Australia and South Africa etc.


Mineralogy

Chemistry
Hydrated iron oxide-hydroxide with the chemical formula FeO(OH)·nH2O.
Colours and Variations
Most shades of brown and yellow.
Streak
Yellowish brown
Luster
Earthy, dull
Transparency
Opaque
Fracture
Uneven
Crystal habit
Powdery, fine grained, sometimes reniform, botryoidal, stalactitic
Mohs hardness
4 – 5.5
Fluorescence
Specific Gravity
2.9 – 4.3
Easiest testing method

Hazards and Warnings

Almost all rocks, minerals (and, frankly, almost all other substances on earth) can produce toxic dust when cutting, which can cause serious respiratory conditions including silicosis.

When cutting or polishing rocks, minerals, shells, etc, all work should be done wet to minimise the dust, and a suitable respirator or extraction system should be used.

 


Translations

Arabic:

  • ليمونيت

Hindi:

  • लिमोनाइट

Portuguese:

  • limonita

Bengali:

  • লিমোনাইট

Indonesian:

Punjabi:

English:

  • Limonite

Italian:

Russian:

  • лимонит

French:

Japanese:

  • 褐鉄鉱

Spanish:

  • limonita

German:

  • Limonit

Korean:

  • 갈철석

Thai:

  • ลิโมไนต์

Gujurati:

Mandarin Chinese:

  • 褐鐵礦

Urdu:


Further Reading / External Links