Fossils from Lebanon

Lebanon is well known in palaeontological circles for the exceptional preservation seen in both its fossil insects and marine life.

Lebanese amber, primarily from the Early Cretaceous, is among the oldest known ambers to contain significant inclusions. Found mainly in northern Lebanon, it has produced a wide variety of well-preserved insects and other arthropods, offering insight into Cretaceous forest ecosystems. It is often clear and golden, with inclusions that are remarkably detailed despite the amber’s age.

The Sannine Formation, which dates to the Cenomanian stage of the Late Cretaceous, is a major fossil-bearing unit in the region. It includes both marine and some terrestrial deposits and has yielded fossils of fish, crustaceans, and plants. Preservation here is generally good, although not quite at Lagerstätte level.

Sahel Alma, however, is considered a Lagerstätte. This site is famous for its beautifully preserved fossil fish from the Late Cretaceous. Species are often found with full body outlines and fin details, and occasionally soft tissue impressions. The site has been known since the 19th century and remains one of the most important fossil fish localities in the Middle East.

Lebanon’s fossil deposits, particularly those of amber and marine vertebrates, continue to be significant for understanding Cretaceous biodiversity and palaeoenvironments across the region.

Lebanon